Certain exercise prescriptions for patients with cancer may improve quality of life (QoL) and self-reported physical function (PF). In a systematic review and meta-analysis of the scientific literature, we investigated the effects of exercise on QoL and PF in patients with cancer and studied differences in effects between different intervention-related and exercise-related characteristics. This investigation has
just been published online in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, with
Maike Sweegers as first author, and as part of the
POLARIS (Predicting OptimaL cAncer RehabIlitation and Supportive care) study
We searched four electronic databases to identify
randomised controlled trials investigating exercise effects on QoL and PF in patients with cancer. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on intervention dimensions, including timing, duration and delivery mode, and exercise dimensions, including frequency, intensity, type and time (FITT factors).
Patients in exercise interventions had significantly improved QoL and PF compared with patients in control groups. Especially supervised exercise interventions were effective. No significant differences in intervention effects were found for variations in intervention timing, duration or exercise FITT factors. Unsupervised exercise with higher weekly energy expenditure was more effective than unsupervised exercise with lower energy expenditure.
Our conclusion is that exercise interventions, especially when supervised, have statistically significant and small clinical benefit on self-reported QoL and PF in patients with cancer. Unsupervised exercise intervention effects on PF were larger when prescribed at a higher weekly energy expenditure.
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